tiff2pdf – Convert TIFF Files to PDF
Version: 2.2
Part of DaVince Tools
Web Site: www.davince.com
Last Modified: July 22, 2003
Command Syntax
Description
Problem TIFF Files
New Features / Changes
Additional Information
About DaVince Tools
Command Syntax
Refer to the "DaVince Tools" Converters page
for a description of the command line syntax for all converters.
Description
"tiff2pdf" is a command line program that converts TIFF (Tagged Image File
Format) files to PDF (Portable Document Format) files (for a Windows interface
to this program, see wdavince). The program
can convert a TIFF file by either recompressing the data for PDF use or
taking the raw image data from the file "as is" and putting it into a PDF
wrapper when possible. This analogous to removing a letter from a letter
size envelope and placing it in a business size envelope. The original
image data is unaltered, so no data recompression is required (not all
TIFF raw image data is compatible with PDF; these files will automatically
be recompressed). The key features of this program are:
-
TIFF compression modes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 32773 support
-
Single and multi-strip file support
-
Tiled TIFF file support
-
Single and multi-page file support
-
Monochrome, grayscale and color (indexed, RGB and CMYK) image support
-
Thumbnail and bookmark support
-
Convert many TIFF files to one PDF (many to one), create a PDF file for
each specified TIFF file (one to one), or create a PDF file for each TIFF
subdirectory specified (many to few)
-
Individual filenames with wildcard support and/or an entire directory may
be specified for conversion
-
Specify files or directories to convert either via the command line or
a command file
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Large file support (1,000+ pages)
-
Compatible with Acrobat Capture for OCR conversion of image data
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Creates a version 1.2 PDF file with a unique file ID in trailer
-
Quick conversion of data option uses existing compressed image data in
PDF file, resulting in faster conversion time
-
Archive conversion of data option recompresses image data creating smaller
PDF files in many cases
The following TIFF tags are required in order for the file to be converted.
If any of these tags are missing, the application will skip over the image.
The "tiffdump" program, part of DaVince
Tool set, can be used to display the tags of a TIFF file.
ImageLength |
The # of scan lines of an image |
ImageWidth |
The # of pixels in a scan line of an image |
Compression |
The type of compression used (valid values are:
2 (Modified Huffman), 3 (Group 3) and 4 (Group 4) |
StripOffsets/TileOffsets |
Array of one or more offsets to image data |
StripByteCounts/TileByteCounts |
Array of one or more values of lengths pointed
to by the StripOffsets tag for stripped images, or TileOffsets for tiled
images |
TileLength |
The # of scan lines in a tile (only required
for tiled Tiff images) |
TileWidth |
The # of pixels in a scan line in a tile (only
required for tiled Tiff images) |
The following TIFF tags are recognized by tiff2pdf but are not required
for a conversion.
NewSubFileType |
Used to skip over thumb nail and transparency
mask images |
Xresolution |
The scan resolution in the X direction. If this
tag is not present, then either 300 dpi or the resolution specified by
the DefaultDPI option is used. |
Yresolution |
The scan resolution in the Y direction. If this
tag is not present, then either 300 dpi or the resolution specified by
the DefaultDPI option is used. |
ResolutionUnit |
Used to specify the XResolution and Yresolution
tags are in inches or centimeters (default is ‘inches’ if tag is not present) |
BitsPerSample |
Number of bits per component. |
SamplesPerPixel |
The number of components per pixel. SamplesPerPixel
is usually 1 for bilevel, grayscale, and palette-color images. SamplesPerPixel
is usually 3 for RGB images. |
T4Options |
Used to determine 1 or 2 dimensional encoding
and byte aligned rows for compression type 2. |
PhotometricInterpretation |
Used to determine if the data is black and white,
pallete color, RGB color, CMYK color or grayscale. For black and white
data, this also specifies if the zero pixel is either black or white |
FillOrder |
The program supports the FillOrder tag. |
The height, width and resolution tags are used to determine the physical
page size. For example, an image 2,544 pixels wide and 3,287 pixels long
and scanned at 300 DPI results in a PDF page size of 2,544/300 by 3,287/300,
or 8.48 inches wide by 10.96 inches long. The resulting page size may not
match a standard paper size, however, this is not a problem for viewers
like Adobe Acrobat. The advantage to this method is that a multiple page
conversion can contain images scanned at different sizes. This allows,
for example, a converted PDF file to contain both U.S. letter and legal
size pages, as well as differing European sizes (A1, A2, etc.) or even
a combination of the two.
The screen output can be redirected to a file adding the DOS syntax
">filename" to the end of the command line. This can be used to redirect
output to a log file. The program returns an error code of 1 when a fatal
error occurs, used in batch programs to test the success of the program.
The initialization file and the use of profiles is described in the
"DaVince
Tools" Converters page. In addition to the default profile, the following
sample profiles are defined in the tiff2pdf.ini file that ships with the
program:
Profile Name |
Description |
quick |
Best for compression speed, no bookmarks or
thumbnails. |
quickbookmark |
Best for compression speed, with bookmarks. |
archive |
Best for optimal file size, no bookmarks or
thumbnails. |
bookmark |
Best for optimal file size, with bookmarks. |
thumbnail |
Best for optimal file size with bookmarks and
thumbnails. |
Common Profile Settings
Refer to the "DaVince Tools" Converters page
for a description of the common profile settings.
Converter Specific Settings
The following table describes tiff2pdf settings that are unique to this
converter (options are case insensitive):
Option |
Data Type |
Description |
Archive |
Bool |
When true, compress image data in an optimal
manner. When archive option is set to true, converted page indicator is
a plus sign ("+"). When archive option is set to false, converted page
indicator is a period ("."). Archive mode is automatically turned on for
image formats that are not supported natively in PDF (PackBits and CCITT
Group 3 with unsupported Group 3 options are examples). The default is
false. |
DamagedRowCount |
Number |
This parameter is used when a TIFF file was
received from a Group 3 Facsimili device and contains transmission errors.
Setting this parameter to a positive number will allow the PDF reader to
accept files with damaged rows up to this value. A value of "1" or "2"
may be sufficient for most users. This parameter is only used with Group
3 files. Group 4 files are not affected. This option is not used when "archive"
is set to true. By default, this value is "0" (no damaged rows allowed). |
DefaultDPI |
Number (in DPI) |
Default resolution to use if resolution tag
is not present. The program will assume 300 DPI if this option not present. |
MaxImageSize * |
Number (in MB) |
Maximum image size (in megabytes) in the PDF
file. Images larger than this size will be split into 1 or more smaller
images not to exceed this value. The default settings is 20 MB. |
Transparency |
Bool |
When true, make image background transparent,
useful with other programs that create watermarks. When false, make image
background opaque. If using Acrobat Capture for OCR conversion with the
resulting PDF file, this must be set to false. The default value is false. |
Thumbnail |
Bool |
Create thumbnail images. Note that
this will increase processing time, even when the "Archive" option is set
to false. The default is false. |
* New in 2.1
Problem TIFF Files:
Not all TIFF files can be converted with this application. One should verify
the correctness of the conversion by viewing the PDF file with a PDF viewer.
Listed below are reasons why a TIFF file may not be converted:
-
Monochrome, gray scale and color TIFF files with compression mode 1 (uncompressed),
2 (Huffman), 3 (CCITT Group 3), 4 (CCITT Group 4) or 32773 (Packbits),
are supported. Mode 5 compression (LZW), typically used for compressing
color images, is supported only when "archive" is set to false. Indexed,
RGB and CMYK color images are supported. JPEG compressed TIFF files are
not supported.
-
The following TIFF tags are required: ImageLength, ImageWidth, Compression,
StripOffsets/TileOffsets and StripByteCounts/TileByteCounts. Most TIFF
reading applications require these tags.
-
Starting with version 1.1, the TIFF tag FillOrder is supported. Versions
of tiff2pdf prior to version 1.1 will not convert these files.
-
Not all CCITT compressed images can be copied to the PDF file unaltered.
In particular, compressed images containing the T4Option tag with bit 2
set can not be converted as-is, since there is no equivalent T4 option
in the PDF specification. tiff2pdf will recompress this image if it detects
this bit is set (Note: releases of tiff2pdf prior to version 2 generated
an error). For a technical description about bit 2 in the T4Option tag,
the TIFF 6 Specification describes it as follows:
Bit 2 is 1 if fill bits have been added as necessary before EOL codes
such that EOL always ends on a byte boundary, thus ensuring an EOL-sequence
of 1 byte preceded by a zero nibble: xxxx-0000 0000-0001.
-
Certain TIFF files generated with version 1.1.0 of tiff2pdf generated a
"Read less image data than expected" error in Acrobat Reader and Exchange.
This problem was fixed in version 1.1.1. If you still receive this error
when using version 1.1.1 or later of tiff2pdf, then the image data may
be at fault. Certain programs (typically older programs) that create TIFF
files truncate the bottom of the page if there is no image data to display.
Specifying an image height and then storing image data of a lesser height
does not conform to industry practices and Acrobat complains about it.
tiff2pdf also complains about it when generating a thumbnail for this image.
Acrobat still allows viewing and printing of this image despite the error.
To remove the error message you should recompress the image data by using
a profile with the archive option enabled
New Features / Changes:
A list of new features and changes, along
with a version history, can be found in the release notes.
Additional Information:
Any DaVince Tool product that creates a PDF must create an intermediate
file prior to writing the PDF file. The filename of this intermediate file
begins with "tmps" and appears in the directory pointed to by the environment
variable "TMP". If this environment does not exist, then the temporary
file is written in the current directory. The intermediate file exists
only during the execution of the program.
About DaVince Tools:
Visit the DaVince Tools web site at http://www.davince.com
for the latest version of this software and the latest documentation. DaVince
Tools is shareware and software registration is urged if you find these
programs useful. You can register the software on-line at http://www.davince.com.
DaVince Tools was written in C++ using the DaVince Class Library,
written by the same author as this program. The DaVince Class Library
is a C++ library for developing PDF and TIFF applications. Contact the
author at info@davince.com for more
information on the availability of the class library.